>>>>>>flagyl

Flagyl
Flagyl is an oral antiprotozoal and antibacterial antibiotic. It fights infections caused by bacteria or amoeba in your body. Flagyl is used to treat bacterial or amoebic infections of the vagina, stomach, skin, joints, and respiratory tract. It will not treat a vaginal yeast infection

الاسم العلمي
(metronidazole)

Pharmacologic class: Nitroimidazole derivativeTherapeutic class: Anti-infective, antiprotozoal

Action

Disturbs DNA synthesis in susceptible bacterial organisms

Adverse reactions

CNS: dizziness, headache, ataxia, vertigo, incoordination, insomnia, fatigueEENT: rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitisGI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, furry tongue, glossitis, dry mouth, anorexiaGU: dysuria, dark urine, incontinenceHematologic: leukopenia Skin: rash, urticaria, burning, mild skin dryness, skin irritation, transient redness (with topical forms)Other: unpleasant or metallic taste, superinfection, phlebitis at I.V. site
Side EfectGeneral

The most serious side effects reported with metronidazole injection have included convulsive seizures, encephalopathy, aseptic meningitis, optic and peripheral neuropathy (primarily characterized by numbness or paresthesia of an extremity). Persistent peripheral neuropathy has been reported with prolonged oral administration of metronidazole.

Pethidine's efficacy as an analgesic was discovered almost accidentally; it was synthesized in 1932 at an IG Farben laboratory as an antimuscarinic agent.^[7] Pethidine also has structural similarities to atropine and other tropane alkaloids and may have some of their effects and side effects.[1] Unlike Morphine, a potent mu-opiate receptor agonist, Pethidine exerts its analgesic effects by acting as an agonist at the kappa opioid receptor, primarily.^{[citation needed]} In addition to its strong opioidergic and anticholinergic effects, it has local anesthetic activity related to its interactions with sodium ion channels.

Inerreaction

Pethidine has serious interactions that can be dangerous with MAOIs (e.g., furazolidone, isocarboxazid, moclobemide, phenelzine, procarbazine, selegiline, tranylcypromine). Such patients may suffer agitation, delirium, headache, convulsions, and/or hyperthermia. Fatal interactions have been reported including the death of Libby Zion.^[15] It is thought to be caused by an increase in cerebral serotonin concentrations. It is possible that pethidine can also interact with a number of other medications, including muscle relaxants, some antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and alcohol.Pethidine is also relatively contraindicated for use when a patient is suffering from liver, or kidney disease, has a history of seizures or epilepsy, has an enlarged prostate or urinary retention problems, or suffers from hypothyroidism, asthma, or Addison's disease.


Adverse effects

The adverse effects of pethidine administration are primarily those of the opioids as a class: nausea, vomiting, sedation, dizziness, diaphoresis, urinary retention and constipation. Unlike other opioids, it does not cause miosis.

Pethidine Indication: Used to control moderate to severe pain.
Mechanism Of Action: Pethidine is primarily a kappa-opiate receptor agonist and also has local anesthetic effects

Generic Name: Meperidine

Pethidine - General Information:

A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration